{"id":1157,"date":"2025-01-01T16:52:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-01T13:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qiraatafrican.com\/journal\/?post_type=article&#038;p=1157"},"modified":"2026-03-03T14:28:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T11:28:53","slug":"the-phenomenon-of-slavery-and-the-position-of-the-sudanese-kingdoms-between-the-11th-and-16th-centuries-ad","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/qiraatafrican.com\/journal\/ar\/article\/the-phenomenon-of-slavery-and-the-position-of-the-sudanese-kingdoms-between-the-11th-and-16th-centuries-ad","title":{"rendered":"\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 11 \u0648 16 \u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-left is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1 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src=\"https:\/\/qiraatafrican.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642-\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629-\u0628\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646-11\u064816\u0645.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1153\" style=\"width:200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qiraatafrican.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642-\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629-\u0628\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646-11\u064816\u0645.jpg 650w, https:\/\/qiraatafrican.com\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642-\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629-\u0628\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646-11\u064816\u0645-206x300.jpg 206w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\" style=\"text-align: justify; padding: 15px 15px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Tajawal-Regular', sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 50px;\"><a name=\"abstract\"><\/a>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Tajawal-Regular', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><bdo dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\"><br \/><\/bdo> \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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